Global warming is the increased rise in temperature on our planet that started being seen slightly before and after industrialization. It is caused by our activities, especially the combustion of fuels leading to an increase in greenhouse gases. Once carbon dioxide as well as other pollutant emissions assemble within the atmosphere and absorb sunlight and solar irradiance that have reflected off the earth’s surface, global warming results. The earth becomes hotter as a result of the pollution trapping the heat.
Researchers are working to find solutions to moderate the planet’s rising temperatures. According to the most recent research, releasing airborne particles of sulfur dioxide over the subpolar parts of the globe would aid in reflecting solar radiation. Targeting aerosols at the regions where ice melts most drastically causes sea levels to rise globally. Introducing sulfur dioxide into the stratosphere would oxidize into sulfuric acid and congeal into liquefied particles after a while in the earth’s atmosphere due to increased warming at the North and south poles over time. It is anticipated that this will result in a 2-degree Celsius decrease in temperature at the poles. That much cooling will help to refreeze the poles and return the world’s global temperatures to their pre-industrial levels. Extreme weather and significant flooding are two negative impacts of climate change that might be slowed down.
In Dubai, the temperature has been rapidly rising. Due to Dubai’s annual low rainfall, the summers are miserable and farming is all but impossible. Harnessing electric currents from drones to control the weather and push rainfall throughout the desert nation, researchers in the United Arab Emirates are artificially making it rain. The government of the United Arab Emirates uses cloud seeding as a tactic to deal with the nation’s water problems. Scientists in the UAE utilize cloud seeding technologies to augment the nation’s water insecurity, which is caused by the climate’s high heat. They regularly track the atmosphere of the nation using weather radar.
By releasing compounds into the stratosphere that cause the condensation of clouds or nuclei of ice and influence processes inside the cloud, the technology of cloud seeding is a sort of modification of the weather that attempts to control the degree of rain falling from the clouds. The most often used substances for seeding technology are potassium iodide, dry ice, and silver iodide. When a material like silver iodide, which has a crystalline structure resembling that of ice, is introduced, it produces freezing nucleation, which increases snowfall when cloud temperatures are between 20 and 7 °C. Aerial or ground-based dispersion devices may be used to spread chemicals used for cloud seeding. As an aeroplane passes through the inflow of a cloud, silver iodide flares are lit and released for use. The fine pieces are carried downwards and upwards by the wind after discharge using the equipment placed on earth, which releases them.
The Emirati Weather Center is utilizing drones to ‘zap’ the air into submission rather than distributing particulates as is done in conventional cloud seeding. These drones are made to target specific clouds and employ intense lasers to create electrical discharges that forcefully collect moisture in the air, causing targeted rainfall. The precipitation increase takes into account both the aerial and ground-based processes that take place in various types of rain clouds. Instead of traditional randomized aircraft seeding, which does not account for the different characteristics of rain clouds, notably those found in sandy and arid places like the UAE, the UAE uses operational aircraft-based and drone-controlled hygroscopic cloud seeding. The devices have been outfitted since 2021 using a mix of equipment that releases electric charges and specialized devices which soar close to the ground and cause the nearby molecules of air to be charged.
Natural salts like potassium chloride and sodium chloride, which are already present in the atmosphere due to hygroscopic flares, are used in hygroscopic cloud seeding. Hygroscopic particles are added to the natural raindrops, enhancing them and starting the collision-coalescence process. These salts, potassium chloride and sodium chloride, are pushed into the centre of the cloud by updrafts, which will then start to trigger the condensation process, in which the cloud’s water vapour begins to condense on these substances. These materials also gather the little cloud droplets that become larger ones, enhancing the collision and coalescence processes by providing support for the tiny cloud droplets to grow in size and making it difficult for them to remain suspended. The cloud droplets eventually begin to fall because of their heavier density in the heated region of the cloud.
To increase the levels in aquifers and reservoirs, the UAE currently primarily has cloudseeds in the eastern mountains near the Omani border. In regions where cloud seeding is practiced, researchers have discovered a considerable rise in rainfall trends. The use of cloud seeding may in the future curb the droughts ravaging most parts of the world.
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